diff --git a/.github/workflows/manifold.yml b/.github/workflows/manifold.yml
index 51c526a35..0a98b9adb 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/manifold.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/manifold.yml
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ jobs:
         pip install trimesh pytest
     - name: Install TBB
       if: matrix.parallelization == 'ON'
-      run: brew install tbb onedpl
+      run: brew install tbb
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
     - uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v2
     - name: Build
@@ -232,24 +232,60 @@ jobs:
         sudo cmake --install .
         cd ..
         ./scripts/test-cmake.sh
+        LDFLAGS=-Wl,-rpath,/usr/local/lib ./scripts/test-pkgconfig.sh
 
-  build_nix:
+  build_mac_builtin_tbb:
     timeout-minutes: 30
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        # variant: [none, tbb, js]
-        # disabling js variant for now
-        variant: [none, tbb]
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: macos-latest
+    steps:
+    - name: Install common dependencies
+      run: |
+        brew install pkg-config googletest
+        pip install trimesh pytest
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v2
+    - name: Build
+      run: |
+        mkdir build
+        cd build
+        cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON -DMANIFOLD_DEBUG=ON -DMANIFOLD_PYBIND=OFF -DMANIFOLD_PAR=ON .. && make
+    - name: Test
+      run: |
+        cd build/test
+        ./manifold_test
+        cd ../../
+    - name: test cmake consumer
+      run: |
+        cd build
+        sudo cmake --install .
+        cd ..
+        ./scripts/test-cmake.sh
+        LDFLAGS=-Wl,-rpath,/usr/local/lib ./scripts/test-pkgconfig.sh
+
+  build_mac_builtin_tbb_subdir:
+    timeout-minutes: 30
+    runs-on: macos-latest
     steps:
+    - name: Install common dependencies
+      run: |
+        brew install pkg-config googletest
+        pip install trimesh pytest
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - uses: cachix/install-nix-action@v22
-    - run: nix build -L '.?submodules=1#manifold-${{matrix.variant}}'
+    - uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v2
+    - name: test cmake consumer
+      run: |
+        cd ..
+        ./manifold/scripts/test-cmake-subdir.sh
 
-  build_nix_python:
+  build_nix:
     timeout-minutes: 30
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        variant: [manifold-none, manifold-tbb, manifold-js, manifold3d]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - uses: cachix/install-nix-action@v22
-    - run: nix build -L '.?submodules=1#manifold3d'
+    - uses: DeterminateSystems/nix-installer-action@main
+    - uses: DeterminateSystems/magic-nix-cache-action@main
+    - run: nix build -L '.?submodules=1#${{matrix.variant}}'
+
diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index 268a4d3a4..c7f84ef7f 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
 
 set(CMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE ON)
 
+include(GNUInstallDirs)
+include(CMakeDependentOption)
+
 # Define Manifold version
 set(MANIFOLD_VERSION_MAJOR 2)
 set(MANIFOLD_VERSION_MINOR 5)
@@ -31,20 +34,6 @@ set(
   "${MANIFOLD_VERSION_MAJOR}.${MANIFOLD_VERSION_MINOR}.${MANIFOLD_VERSION_PATCH}"
 )
 
-# Correct MANIFOLD_PAR values to on/off (previous NONE/TBB values should still
-# work this way)
-if(DEFINED MANIFOLD_PAR)
-  if(
-    "${MANIFOLD_PAR}" STREQUAL ""
-    OR "${MANIFOLD_PAR}" STREQUAL "NONE"
-    OR "${MANIFOLD_PAR}" STREQUAL "OFF"
-  )
-    set(MANIFOLD_PAR OFF)
-  else()
-    set(MANIFOLD_PAR ON)
-  endif()
-endif()
-
 # Primary user facing options
 option(MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION "Build CrossSection for 2D support" ON)
 option(MANIFOLD_DEBUG "Enable debug tracing/timing" OFF)
@@ -57,12 +46,12 @@ option(MANIFOLD_EXPORT "Build mesh export (via assimp) utility library" OFF)
 option(MANIFOLD_PAR "Enable Parallel backend" OFF)
 option(
   MANIFOLD_OPTIMIZED
-  "Force Optimized build, even with debugging enabled"
+  "Force optimized build, even with debugging enabled"
   OFF
 )
 option(MANIFOLD_TEST "Enable testing suite" ON)
-option(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS "Build shared library" ON)
-include(CMakeDependentOption)
+option(MANIFOLD_PYBIND "Build python bindings" OFF)
+# MANIFOLD_CBIND is only available when MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION is enabled
 cmake_dependent_option(
   MANIFOLD_CBIND
   "Build C (FFI) bindings"
@@ -70,7 +59,7 @@ cmake_dependent_option(
   "MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION"
   OFF
 )
-option(MANIFOLD_PYBIND "Build python bindings" OFF)
+# MANIFOLD_JSBIND is only available when building with Emscripten
 cmake_dependent_option(
   MANIFOLD_JSBIND
   "Build js binding"
@@ -78,26 +67,33 @@ cmake_dependent_option(
   "EMSCRIPTEN"
   OFF
 )
-
+# These three options can force the build to avoid using the system version of
+# the dependency
+# This will either use the provided source directory via
+# FETCHCONTENT_SOURCE_DIR_XXX, or fetch the source from GitHub.
+# Note that the dependency will be built as static dependency to avoid dynamic
+# library conflict.
+# When the system package is unavailable, the option will be automatically set
+# to true.
+option(MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_TBB "Use builtin tbb" OFF)
+option(MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_CLIPPER2 "Use builtin clipper2" OFF)
+option(MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_NANOBIND "Use builtin nanobind" OFF)
+
+# default to Release build
+option(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Build type" Release)
+# default to building shared library
+option(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS "Build shared library" ON)
 # Set some option values in the CMake cache
-if(NOT MANIFOLD_FLAGS)
-  set(MANIFOLD_FLAGS "")
-endif()
 set(MANIFOLD_FLAGS "" CACHE STRING "Manifold compiler flags")
 
 # Development options
 option(TRACY_ENABLE "Use tracy profiling" OFF)
 option(TRACY_MEMORY_USAGE "Track memory allocation with tracy (expensive)" OFF)
+option(MANIFOLD_FUZZ "Enable fuzzing tests" OFF)
 mark_as_advanced(TRACY_ENABLE)
 mark_as_advanced(TRACY_MEMORY_USAGE)
-
-# fuzztest is a rather large dependency
-option(MANIFOLD_FUZZ "Enable fuzzing tests" OFF)
 mark_as_advanced(MANIFOLD_FUZZ)
 
-# Define some paths for CMake
-include(GNUInstallDirs)
-
 # Always build position independent code for relocatability
 set(CMAKE_POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ON)
 
@@ -111,32 +107,34 @@ if(MANIFOLD_FUZZ)
   # enable fuzztest fuzzing mode
   set(FUZZTEST_FUZZING_MODE ON)
   # address sanitizer required
-  set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -fsanitize=address")
+  add_compile_options(-fsanitize=address)
 endif()
 
 if(TRACY_ENABLE)
   option(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Build type" RelWithDebInfo)
-  if(TRACY_MEMORY_USAGE)
-    list(APPEND MANIFOLD_FLAGS -DTRACY_MEMORY_USAGE)
-  endif()
-  if(NOT MSVC)
-    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -fno-omit-frame-pointer")
-  endif()
-else()
-  option(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Build type" Release)
 endif()
 
 if(EMSCRIPTEN)
   message("Building for Emscripten")
+  add_link_options(-sALLOW_MEMORY_GROWTH=1)
+  add_link_options(-sMAXIMUM_MEMORY=4294967296)
+  if(MANIFOLD_PAR)
+    set(CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT "-pthread")
+    add_compile_options(-pthread)
+    # PTHREAD_POOL_SIZE is set to 4 for OK-ish performance, in general we are
+    # not getting too much speedup for very large number of cores, and a lot of
+    # CPUs now have 4 cores...
+    add_link_options(-sPTHREAD_POOL_SIZE=4)
+    # mimalloc is needed for good performance
+    add_link_options(-sMALLOC=mimalloc)
+    # The default stack size apparently causes problem when parallelization is
+    # enabled.
+    add_link_options(-sSTACK_SIZE=10MB)
+  endif()
   if(MANIFOLD_DEBUG)
     list(APPEND MANIFOLD_FLAGS -fexceptions)
-    string(
-      APPEND
-      CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS
-      "-sALLOW_MEMORY_GROWTH=1 -fexceptions -sDISABLE_EXCEPTION_CATCHING=0 "
-    )
-  else()
-    string(APPEND CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "-sALLOW_MEMORY_GROWTH=1 ")
+    add_link_options(-fexceptions)
+    add_link_options(-sDISABLE_EXCEPTION_CATCHING=0)
   endif()
   set(MANIFOLD_PYBIND OFF)
   set(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS OFF)
@@ -153,23 +151,20 @@ endif()
 if(MSVC)
   list(APPEND MANIFOLD_FLAGS /DNOMINMAX /bigobj)
 else()
-  if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "GNU")
-    list(APPEND WARNING_FLAGS -Wall -Wno-unknown-warning-option -Wno-unused)
-  else()
-    list(
-      APPEND
-      WARNING_FLAGS
-      -Wall
-      -Wno-unknown-warning-option
-      -Wno-unused
-      -Wno-shorten-64-to-32
-    )
-  endif()
+  list(
+    APPEND
+    WARNING_FLAGS
+    -Wall
+    -Wno-unknown-warning-option
+    -Wno-unused
+    -Wno-shorten-64-to-32
+  )
   if(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME STREQUAL "Windows")
     if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "GNU")
       list(APPEND WARNING_FLAGS -Wno-format)
     endif()
-  else()
+  elseif(PROJECT_IS_TOP_LEVEL)
+    # only do -Werror if we are the top level project
     list(APPEND WARNING_FLAGS -Werror)
   endif()
   list(APPEND MANIFOLD_FLAGS ${WARNING_FLAGS})
@@ -180,19 +175,20 @@ else()
   )
     list(APPEND MANIFOLD_FLAGS -O3)
   endif()
-endif()
-
-if(CODE_COVERAGE AND NOT MSVC)
-  list(
-    APPEND
-    COVERAGE_FLAGS
-    -coverage
-    -fno-inline-small-functions
-    -fkeep-inline-functions
-    -fkeep-static-functions
-  )
-  list(APPEND MANIFOLD_FLAGS ${COVERAGE_FLAGS})
-  add_link_options("-coverage")
+  if("${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}" STREQUAL "RelWithDebInfo")
+    list(APPEND MANIFOLD_FLAGS -fno-omit-frame-pointer)
+  endif()
+  if(CODE_COVERAGE)
+    list(
+      APPEND
+      MANIFOLD_FLAGS
+      -coverage
+      -fno-inline-small-functions
+      -fkeep-inline-functions
+      -fkeep-static-functions
+    )
+    add_link_options(-coverage)
+  endif()
 endif()
 
 # RPath settings
@@ -210,100 +206,8 @@ if("${isSystemDir}" STREQUAL "-1")
   set(CMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR})
 endif("${isSystemDir}" STREQUAL "-1")
 
-# Dependencies
-include(FetchContent)
-
-function(logmissingdep PKG)
-  if(NOT MANIFOLD_DOWNLOADS)
-    if(ARGC EQUAL 3)
-      set(MSG "${ARGV2} enabled, but ${PKG} was not found ")
-      string(APPEND MSG "and dependency downloading is disabled. ")
-    else()
-      set(MSG "${PKG} not found, and dependency downloading disabled. ")
-    endif()
-    string(APPEND MSG "Please install ${PKG} and reconfigure.\n")
-    message(FATAL_ERROR ${MSG})
-  endif()
-endfunction()
-
-# If we're building parallel, we need the requisite libraries
-if(MANIFOLD_PAR)
-  find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
-  find_package(TBB QUIET)
-  find_package(PkgConfig QUIET)
-  if(NOT TBB_FOUND AND PKG_CONFIG_FOUND)
-    pkg_check_modules(TBB tbb)
-  endif()
-  if(NOT TBB_FOUND)
-    logmissingdep("TBB" , "Parallel mode")
-    message(STATUS "TBB not found, downloading from source")
-    set(TBB_TEST OFF CACHE INTERNAL "" FORCE)
-    set(TBB_STRICT OFF CACHE INTERNAL "" FORCE)
-    FetchContent_Declare(
-      TBB
-      GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/oneapi-src/oneTBB.git
-      GIT_TAG v2021.11.0
-      GIT_PROGRESS TRUE
-    )
-    FetchContent_MakeAvailable(TBB)
-    set_property(DIRECTORY ${tbb_SOURCE_DIR} PROPERTY EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL YES)
-    # note: we do want to install tbb to the user machine when built from
-    # source
-    if(NOT EMSCRIPTEN)
-      install(TARGETS tbb)
-    endif()
-  endif()
-endif()
-
-# If we're building cross_section, we need Clipper2
-if(MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION)
-  find_package(Clipper2 QUIET)
-  if(NOT Clipper2_FOUND AND PKG_CONFIG_FOUND)
-    pkg_check_modules(Clipper2 Clipper2)
-  endif()
-  if(Clipper2_FOUND)
-    add_library(Clipper2 SHARED IMPORTED)
-    set_property(
-      TARGET Clipper2
-      PROPERTY IMPORTED_LOCATION ${Clipper2_LINK_LIBRARIES}
-    )
-    if(WIN32)
-      set_property(
-        TARGET Clipper2
-        PROPERTY IMPORTED_IMPLIB ${Clipper2_LINK_LIBRARIES}
-      )
-    endif()
-    target_include_directories(Clipper2 INTERFACE ${Clipper2_INCLUDE_DIRS})
-  else()
-    logmissingdep("Clipper2" , "cross_section")
-    message(STATUS "clipper2 not found, downloading from source")
-    set(CLIPPER2_UTILS OFF)
-    set(CLIPPER2_EXAMPLES OFF)
-    set(CLIPPER2_TESTS OFF)
-    set(
-      CLIPPER2_USINGZ
-      "OFF"
-      CACHE STRING
-      "Preempt cache default of USINGZ (we only use 2d)"
-    )
-    FetchContent_Declare(
-      Clipper2
-      GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/AngusJohnson/Clipper2.git
-      GIT_TAG ff378668baae3570e9d8070aa9eb339bdd5a6aba
-      GIT_PROGRESS TRUE
-      SOURCE_SUBDIR CPP
-    )
-    FetchContent_MakeAvailable(Clipper2)
-    if(NOT EMSCRIPTEN)
-      install(TARGETS Clipper2)
-    endif()
-  endif()
-endif()
-
-# If we're supporting mesh I/O, we need assimp
-if(MANIFOLD_EXPORT)
-  find_package(assimp REQUIRED)
-endif()
+include(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/manifoldDeps.cmake)
+include(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/configHelper.cmake)
 
 add_subdirectory(src)
 add_subdirectory(bindings)
@@ -311,55 +215,7 @@ add_subdirectory(samples)
 add_subdirectory(test)
 add_subdirectory(extras)
 
-# configuration summary, idea from openscad
-# https://github.com/openscad/openscad/blob/master/cmake/Modules/info.cmake
-message(STATUS "====================================")
-message(STATUS "Manifold Build Configuration Summary")
-message(STATUS "====================================")
-message(STATUS " ")
-if(MXECROSS)
-  message(STATUS "Environment: MXE")
-elseif(APPLE)
-  message(STATUS "Environment: macOS")
-elseif(WIN32)
-  if(MINGW)
-    message(STATUS "Environment: msys2")
-  else()
-    message(STATUS "Environment: Windows")
-  endif()
-elseif(LINUX)
-  message(STATUS "Environment: Linux")
-elseif(UNIX)
-  message(STATUS "Environment: Unknown Unix")
-else()
-  message(STATUS "Environment: Unknown")
-endif()
-message(STATUS " ")
-message(STATUS "CMAKE_VERSION:               ${CMAKE_VERSION}")
-message(STATUS "CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE:        ${CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE}")
-message(STATUS "CMAKE_GENERATOR:             ${CMAKE_GENERATOR}")
-message(STATUS "CPACK_CMAKE_GENERATOR:       ${CPACK_CMAKE_GENERATOR}")
-message(STATUS "CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:            ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}")
-message(STATUS "CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH:           ${CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH}")
-message(STATUS "CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID:       ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}")
-message(STATUS "CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION:  ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION}")
-if(APPLE)
-  message(STATUS "CMAKE_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET: ${CMAKE_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET}")
-  message(STATUS "CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES:     ${CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES}")
-endif()
-message(STATUS "BUILD_SHARED_LIBS:           ${BUILD_SHARED_LIBS}")
-message(STATUS " ")
-message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_PAR:                ${MANIFOLD_PAR}")
-message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION:      ${MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION}")
-message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_EXPORT:             ${MANIFOLD_EXPORT}")
-message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_TEST:               ${MANIFOLD_TEST}")
-message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_FUZZ:               ${MANIFOLD_FUZZ}")
-message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_DEBUG:              ${MANIFOLD_DEBUG}")
-message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_CBIND:              ${MANIFOLD_CBIND}")
-message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_PYBIND:             ${MANIFOLD_PYBIND}")
-message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_JSBIND:             ${MANIFOLD_JSBIND}")
-message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_FLAGS:              ${MANIFOLD_FLAGS}")
-message(STATUS " ")
+include(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/info.cmake)
 
 # If it's an EMSCRIPTEN build, we're done
 if(EMSCRIPTEN)
@@ -368,13 +224,13 @@ endif()
 
 # CMake exports
 configure_file(
-  manifoldConfig.cmake.in
+  cmake/manifoldConfig.cmake.in
   ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/manifoldConfig.cmake
   @ONLY
 )
 include(CMakePackageConfigHelpers)
 write_basic_package_version_file(
-  ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/cmake/manifoldConfigVersion.cmake
+  ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/cmake/manifoldConfigVersion.cmake
   VERSION ${MANIFOLD_VERSION}
   COMPATIBILITY SameMajorVersion
 )
@@ -398,34 +254,52 @@ install(
 # install public headers
 set(
   MANIFOLD_PUBLIC_HDRS
-  include/manifold/common.h
-  include/manifold/iters.h
-  include/manifold/linalg.h
-  include/manifold/manifold.h
-  include/manifold/optional_assert.h
-  include/manifold/parallel.h
-  include/manifold/polygon.h
-  include/manifold/vec_view.h
+  common.h
+  iters.h
+  linalg.h
+  manifold.h
+  optional_assert.h
+  polygon.h
+  vec_view.h
+  $<$<BOOL:${MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION}>:cross_section.h>
+  $<$<BOOL:${MANIFOLD_EXPORT}>:meshIO.h>
 )
-
-if(MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION)
-  list(APPEND MANIFOLD_PUBLIC_HDRS include/manifold/cross_section.h)
-endif()
-
-if(MANIFOLD_EXPORT)
-  list(APPEND MANIFOLD_PUBLIC_HDRS include/manifold/meshIO.h)
-endif()
+list(TRANSFORM MANIFOLD_PUBLIC_HDRS PREPEND include/manifold/)
 
 install(
   FILES ${MANIFOLD_PUBLIC_HDRS}
   DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}/manifold
 )
 
+# note that the path ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/include is included when we
+# build the manifold target (as ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include), so users can
+# include manifold/version.h without installing our library.
+configure_file(
+  cmake/version.h.in
+  ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/include/manifold/version.h
+  @ONLY
+)
+set_source_files_properties(
+  ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/include/manifold/version.h
+  PROPERTIES GENERATED TRUE
+)
+install(
+  FILES ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/include/manifold/version.h
+  DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}/manifold
+)
+
 # PkgConfig file
+if(MANIFOLD_PAR)
+  set(TEMPLATE_OPTIONAL_TBB "tbb")
+endif()
 if(MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION)
   set(TEMPLATE_OPTIONAL_CLIPPER "Clipper2")
 endif()
-configure_file(manifold.pc.in ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/manifold.pc @ONLY)
+configure_file(
+  cmake/manifold.pc.in
+  ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/manifold.pc
+  @ONLY
+)
 install(
   FILES ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/manifold.pc
   DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/pkgconfig
diff --git a/Doxyfile b/Doxyfile
index 0e25175d6..2988011d1 100644
--- a/Doxyfile
+++ b/Doxyfile
@@ -971,10 +971,10 @@ INPUT                  = include/manifold/manifold.h \
                          include/manifold/common.h \
                          include/manifold/meshIO.h \
                          include/manifold/linalg.h \
-                         include/manifold/parallel.h \
                          include/manifold/vec_view.h \
                          include/manifold/iters.h \
                          include/manifold/optional_assert.h \
+                         src/parallel.h \
                          src/manifold.cpp \
                          src/constructors.cpp \
                          src/polygon.cpp \
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 2c17d47cb..cd4b51707 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -112,13 +112,30 @@ CMake flags (usage e.g. `-DMANIFOLD_DEBUG=ON`):
 - `TRACY_ENABLE=[<OFF>, ON]`: Enable integration with tracy profiler. 
   See profiling section below.
 
-Offline building (with missing dependencies):
+Dependency version override:
+- `MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_TBB=[<OFF>, ON]`: Use builtin version of tbb.
+- `MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_CLIPPER2=[<OFF>, ON]`: Use builtin version of clipper2.
+- `MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_NANOBIND=[<OFF>, ON]`: Use builtin version of nanobind.
+
+> Note: These three options can force the build to avoid using the system
+> version of the dependency. This will either use the provided source directory
+> via `FETCHCONTENT_SOURCE_DIR_*` (see below), or fetch the source from GitHub.
+> Note that the dependency will be built as static dependency to avoid dynamic
+> library conflict. When the system package is unavailable, the option will be
+> automatically set to true.
+
+Offline building (with missing dependencies/dependency version override):
 - `MANIFOLD_DOWNLOADS=[OFF, <ON>]`: Automatically download missing dependencies.
   Need to set `FETCHCONTENT_SOURCE_DIR_*` if the dependency `*` is missing.
 - `FETCHCONTENT_SOURCE_DIR_TBB`: path to tbb source (if `MANIFOLD_PAR` is enabled).
 - `FETCHCONTENT_SOURCE_DIR_CLIPPER2`: path to tbb source (if `MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION` is enabled).
+- `FETCHCONTENT_SOURCE_DIR_NANOBIND`: path to nanobind source (if `MANIFOLD_PYBIND` is enabled).
 - `FETCHCONTENT_SOURCE_DIR_GOOGLETEST`: path to googletest source (if `MANIFOLD_TEST` is enabled).
 
+> Note: When `FETCHCONTENT_SOURCE_DIR_*` is set, CMake will use the provided
+> source directly without downloading regardless of the value of
+> `MANIFOLD_DOWNLOADS`.
+
 The build instructions used by our CI are in [manifold.yml](https://github.com/elalish/manifold/blob/master/.github/workflows/manifold.yml), which is a good source to check if something goes wrong and for instructions specific to other platforms, like Windows.
 
 ### WASM
diff --git a/bindings/CMakeLists.txt b/bindings/CMakeLists.txt
index dcf8429c4..bf7614498 100644
--- a/bindings/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/bindings/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ if(NOT MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION)
   return()
 endif()
 
-if(NOT EMSCRIPTEN AND MANIFOLD_CBIND)
+if(MANIFOLD_CBIND)
   add_subdirectory(c)
 endif()
 
diff --git a/bindings/c/CMakeLists.txt b/bindings/c/CMakeLists.txt
index 6c65476c4..2f3150d06 100644
--- a/bindings/c/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/bindings/c/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,17 @@
-# this is a shared library for FFI bindings
+# Copyright 2024 The Manifold Authors.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
 include_directories(
   ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
   ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include
@@ -7,25 +20,13 @@ include_directories(
 
 add_library(
   manifoldc
-  SHARED
   manifoldc.cpp
   conv.cpp
   box.cpp
   cross.cpp
   rect.cpp
 )
-
-if(MSVC)
-  set_target_properties(manifoldc PROPERTIES WINDOWS_EXPORT_ALL_SYMBOLS ON)
-  set_target_properties(
-    manifoldc
-    PROPERTIES RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin
-  )
-  set_target_properties(
-    manifoldc
-    PROPERTIES LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin
-  )
-endif()
+exportlib(manifoldc)
 
 if(MANIFOLD_EXPORT)
   target_sources(manifoldc PRIVATE meshIOc.cpp)
@@ -38,10 +39,9 @@ target_include_directories(
   manifoldc
   PUBLIC
     $<INSTALL_INTERFACE:include>
-    $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/bindings/c/include>
+    $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include>
 )
 target_compile_options(manifoldc PRIVATE ${MANIFOLD_FLAGS})
-target_compile_features(manifoldc PRIVATE cxx_std_17)
 
 install(TARGETS manifoldc EXPORT manifoldTargets)
 install(
diff --git a/bindings/python/CMakeLists.txt b/bindings/python/CMakeLists.txt
index 4dd16ad15..a285a6bac 100644
--- a/bindings/python/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/bindings/python/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -12,58 +12,6 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-if(NOT MANIFOLD_PYBIND)
-  return()
-endif()
-
-project(python)
-
-if(Python_VERSION VERSION_LESS 3.12)
-  find_package(Python COMPONENTS Interpreter Development.Module REQUIRED)
-else()
-  find_package(Python COMPONENTS Interpreter Development.SABIModule REQUIRED)
-endif()
-if(Python_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 3.11)
-  set(MANIFOLD_PYBIND_STUBGEN ON)
-else()
-  # stubgen does not support version less than 3.11
-  set(MANIFOLD_PYBIND_STUBGEN OFF)
-  message("Python version too old, stub will not be generated")
-endif()
-
-execute_process(
-  COMMAND "${Python_EXECUTABLE}" -m nanobind --version
-  OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
-  OUTPUT_VARIABLE NB_VERSION
-)
-# we are fine with 2.0.0
-if(NB_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 2.0.0)
-  message("Found nanobind, version ${NB_VERSION}")
-  execute_process(
-    COMMAND "${Python_EXECUTABLE}" -m nanobind --cmake_dir
-    OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
-    OUTPUT_VARIABLE nanobind_ROOT
-  )
-  find_package(nanobind CONFIG REQUIRED)
-else()
-  message(STATUS "nanobind not found, downloading from source")
-  include(FetchContent)
-  FetchContent_Declare(
-    nanobind
-    GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/wjakob/nanobind.git
-    GIT_TAG
-      784efa2a0358a4dc5432c74f5685ee026e20f2b6 # v2.2.0
-    GIT_PROGRESS TRUE
-  )
-  FetchContent_MakeAvailable(nanobind)
-  set(NB_VERSION 2.2.0)
-endif()
-
-if(NB_VERSION VERSION_LESS 2.1.0)
-  message("Nanobind version too old, stub will not be generated")
-  set(MANIFOLD_PYBIND_STUBGEN OFF)
-endif()
-
 nanobind_add_module(manifold3d NB_STATIC STABLE_ABI LTO autogen_docstrings.inl
                     manifold3d.cpp
 )
@@ -84,19 +32,18 @@ target_compile_options(
   manifold3d
   PRIVATE ${MANIFOLD_FLAGS} -DMODULE_NAME=manifold3d
 )
-target_compile_features(manifold3d PUBLIC cxx_std_17)
 set_target_properties(manifold3d PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME "manifold3d")
 
 message(Python_EXECUTABLE = ${Python_EXECUTABLE})
 # ideally we should generate a dependency file from python...
 set(
   DOCSTRING_DEPS
-  ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src/manifold.cpp
-  ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src/constructors.cpp
-  ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src/sort.cpp
-  ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src/cross_section/cross_section.cpp
-  ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src/polygon.cpp
-  ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/include/manifold/common.h
+  ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/manifold.cpp
+  ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/constructors.cpp
+  ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/sort.cpp
+  ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/cross_section/cross_section.cpp
+  ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/polygon.cpp
+  ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/manifold/common.h
   ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/gen_docs.py
   ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/docstring_override.txt
 )
diff --git a/bindings/wasm/CMakeLists.txt b/bindings/wasm/CMakeLists.txt
index e2431082d..190e6142a 100644
--- a/bindings/wasm/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/bindings/wasm/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -12,15 +12,16 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-project(wasm)
-
 add_executable(manifoldjs bindings.cpp)
 
 set_source_files_properties(
   bindings.cpp
   PROPERTIES OBJECT_DEPENDS ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/bindings.js
 )
-target_link_libraries(manifoldjs manifold)
+target_link_libraries(
+  manifoldjs
+  PRIVATE manifold $<$<BOOL:${MANIFOLD_PAR}>:TBB::tbb>
+)
 target_compile_options(manifoldjs PRIVATE ${MANIFOLD_FLAGS})
 target_link_options(
   manifoldjs
@@ -34,7 +35,6 @@ target_link_options(
     -sEXPORT_ES6=1
 )
 
-target_compile_features(manifoldjs PUBLIC cxx_std_17)
 set_target_properties(manifoldjs PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME "manifold")
 
 file(MAKE_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/examples/built)
@@ -46,28 +46,18 @@ add_custom_target(
   DEPENDS manifoldjs ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/manifold*.d.ts
 )
 
-# copy WASM build back here for publishing to npm
 add_custom_command(
   TARGET js_deps
   POST_BUILD
+  # copy WASM build back here for publishing to npm
   COMMAND
     ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/manifold.*
     ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
-)
-
-# copy WASM build and TS declarations for Vite to package into ManifoldCAD.org
-add_custom_command(
-  TARGET js_deps
-  POST_BUILD
+  # copy WASM build and TS declarations for Vite to package into ManifoldCAD.org
   COMMAND
     ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/manifold*
     ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/examples/built/
-)
-
-# copy TS declarations to public so they can be accessed by our editor
-add_custom_command(
-  TARGET js_deps
-  POST_BUILD
+  # copy TS declarations to public so they can be accessed by our editor
   COMMAND
     ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/manifold*.d.ts
     ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/examples/public/
diff --git a/cmake/configHelper.cmake b/cmake/configHelper.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cddf0b32d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/configHelper.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# Copyright 2024 The Manifold Authors.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+function(exportbin TARGET)
+  if(MSVC)
+    set_target_properties(
+      ${TARGET}
+      PROPERTIES RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin
+    )
+  endif()
+endfunction()
+
+function(exportlib TARGET)
+  add_library(manifold::${TARGET} ALIAS ${TARGET})
+  set_target_properties(
+    ${TARGET}
+    PROPERTIES VERSION "${MANIFOLD_VERSION}" SOVERSION ${MANIFOLD_VERSION_MAJOR}
+  )
+  if(MSVC)
+    set_target_properties(
+      ${TARGET}
+      PROPERTIES
+        WINDOWS_EXPORT_ALL_SYMBOLS ON
+        LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/lib
+        ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/lib
+    )
+  endif()
+endfunction()
diff --git a/cmake/info.cmake b/cmake/info.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2687bd6cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/info.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+# Copyright 2024 The Manifold Authors.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# configuration summary, idea from openscad
+# https://github.com/openscad/openscad/blob/master/cmake/Modules/info.cmake
+
+get_target_property(MANIFOLD_COMPILE_OPTIONS manifold COMPILE_OPTIONS)
+get_target_property(MANIFOLD_LINK_OPTIONS manifold LINK_OPTIONS)
+if(MANIFOLD_LINK_OPTIONS STREQUAL "MANIFOLD_LINK_OPTIONS-NOTFOUND")
+  set(MANIFOLD_LINK_OPTIONS "")
+endif()
+
+message(STATUS "====================================")
+message(STATUS "Manifold Build Configuration Summary")
+message(STATUS "====================================")
+message(STATUS " ")
+if(MXECROSS)
+  message(STATUS "Environment: MXE")
+elseif(APPLE)
+  message(STATUS "Environment: macOS")
+elseif(WIN32)
+  if(MINGW)
+    message(STATUS "Environment: msys2")
+  else()
+    message(STATUS "Environment: Windows")
+  endif()
+elseif(LINUX)
+  message(STATUS "Environment: Linux")
+elseif(UNIX)
+  message(STATUS "Environment: Unknown Unix")
+else()
+  message(STATUS "Environment: Unknown")
+endif()
+message(STATUS " ")
+message(STATUS "CMAKE_VERSION:                 ${CMAKE_VERSION}")
+message(STATUS "CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE:          ${CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE}")
+message(STATUS "CMAKE_GENERATOR:               ${CMAKE_GENERATOR}")
+message(STATUS "CPACK_CMAKE_GENERATOR:         ${CPACK_CMAKE_GENERATOR}")
+message(STATUS "CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:              ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}")
+message(STATUS "CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH:             ${CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH}")
+message(STATUS "CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID:         ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}")
+message(STATUS "CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION:    ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION}")
+if(APPLE)
+  message(
+    STATUS
+    "CMAKE_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET:   ${CMAKE_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET}"
+  )
+  message(STATUS "CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES:       ${CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES}")
+endif()
+message(STATUS "BUILD_SHARED_LIBS:             ${BUILD_SHARED_LIBS}")
+message(STATUS " ")
+message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_VERSION:              ${MANIFOLD_VERSION}")
+message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_PAR:                  ${MANIFOLD_PAR}")
+message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION:        ${MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION}")
+message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_EXPORT:               ${MANIFOLD_EXPORT}")
+message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_TEST:                 ${MANIFOLD_TEST}")
+message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_DEBUG:                ${MANIFOLD_DEBUG}")
+message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_CBIND:                ${MANIFOLD_CBIND}")
+message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_PYBIND:               ${MANIFOLD_PYBIND}")
+message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_JSBIND:               ${MANIFOLD_JSBIND}")
+message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_FLAGS:                ${MANIFOLD_FLAGS}")
+# these two include global flags added through add_compile_options and
+# add_link_options
+message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_COMPILE_OPTIONS:      ${MANIFOLD_COMPILE_OPTIONS}")
+message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_LINK_OPTIONS:         ${MANIFOLD_LINK_OPTIONS}")
+message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_DOWNLOADS:            ${MANIFOLD_DOWNLOADS}")
+message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_TBB:      ${MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_TBB}")
+message(
+  STATUS
+  "MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_CLIPPER2: ${MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_CLIPPER2}"
+)
+message(
+  STATUS
+  "MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_NANOBIND: ${MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_NANOBIND}"
+)
+message(STATUS "MANIFOLD_FUZZ:                 ${MANIFOLD_FUZZ}")
+message(STATUS "TRACY_ENABLE:                  ${TRACY_ENABLE}")
+message(STATUS "TRACY_MEMORY_USAGE:            ${TRACY_MEMORY_USAGE}")
+message(STATUS " ")
diff --git a/manifold.pc.in b/cmake/manifold.pc.in
similarity index 76%
rename from manifold.pc.in
rename to cmake/manifold.pc.in
index edd066175..6d0da0d85 100644
--- a/manifold.pc.in
+++ b/cmake/manifold.pc.in
@@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ Name: manifold@PCFILE_LIB_SUFFIX@
 Description: Geometry library for topological robustness
 Version: @MANIFOLD_VERSION@
 URL: https://github.com/elalish/manifold
-Requires-private: tbb @TEMPLATE_OPTIONAL_CLIPPER@
+Requires-private: @TEMPLATE_OPTIONAL_TBB@ @TEMPLATE_OPTIONAL_CLIPPER@
 Libs: -L${libdir} -lmanifold@PCFILE_LIB_SUFFIX@
-Cflags: -I${includedir}
+Cflags: -I${includedir} -std=c++17
diff --git a/manifoldConfig.cmake.in b/cmake/manifoldConfig.cmake.in
similarity index 79%
rename from manifoldConfig.cmake.in
rename to cmake/manifoldConfig.cmake.in
index 93cfb0280..b4d3feb2e 100644
--- a/manifoldConfig.cmake.in
+++ b/cmake/manifoldConfig.cmake.in
@@ -12,12 +12,14 @@ if(_FIND_ROOT STREQUAL "/")
 endif()
 
 set(MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION "@MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION@")
-if(MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION)
+set(MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_CLIPPER2 "@MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_CLIPPER2@")
+if(MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION AND NOT MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_CLIPPER2)
   set(Clipper2_ROOT "${_FIND_ROOT}")
   find_package(Clipper2 REQUIRED)
 endif()
 set(MANIFOLD_PAR "@MANIFOLD_PAR@")
-if(MANIFOLD_PAR STREQUAL "ON")
+set(MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_TBB "@MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_TBB@")
+if(MANIFOLD_PAR STREQUAL "ON" AND NOT MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_TBB)
   find_package(TBB REQUIRED)
 endif()
 set(MANIFOLD_EXPORT "@MANIFOLD_EXPORT@")
diff --git a/cmake/manifoldDeps.cmake b/cmake/manifoldDeps.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a0e1af0ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/manifoldDeps.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+# Copyright 2024 The Manifold Authors.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+include(FetchContent)
+
+function(logmissingdep PKG)
+  # if this is already in FETCHCONTENT_SOURCE_DIR_X, we don't have to
+  # download...
+  if(DEFINED FETCHCONTENT_SOURCE_DIR_${PKG})
+    return()
+  endif()
+  if(NOT MANIFOLD_DOWNLOADS)
+    if(ARGC EQUAL 3)
+      set(MSG "${ARGV2} enabled, but ${PKG} was not found ")
+      string(APPEND MSG "and dependency downloading is disabled. ")
+    else()
+      set(MSG "${PKG} not found, and dependency downloading disabled. ")
+    endif()
+    string(APPEND MSG "Please install ${PKG} and reconfigure.\n")
+    message(FATAL_ERROR ${MSG})
+  else()
+    message(STATUS "${PKG} not found, downloading from source")
+  endif()
+endfunction()
+
+set(OLD_BUILD_SHARED_LIBS ${BUILD_SHARED_LIBS})
+# we build fetched dependencies as static library
+set(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS OFF)
+
+# If we're building parallel, we need tbb
+if(MANIFOLD_PAR)
+  find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
+  if(NOT MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_TBB)
+    find_package(TBB QUIET)
+    find_package(PkgConfig QUIET)
+    if(NOT TBB_FOUND AND PKG_CONFIG_FOUND)
+      pkg_check_modules(TBB tbb)
+    endif()
+  endif()
+  if(TBB_FOUND)
+    if(NOT TARGET TBB::tbb)
+      if(NOT TARGET tbb)
+        add_library(TBB::tbb SHARED IMPORTED)
+        set_property(
+          TARGET TBB::tbb
+          PROPERTY IMPORTED_LOCATION ${TBB_LINK_LIBRARIES}
+        )
+        target_include_directories(TBB::tbb INTERFACE ${TBB_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+      else()
+        add_library(TBB::tbb ALIAS tbb)
+      endif()
+    endif()
+  else()
+    logmissingdep("TBB" , "Parallel mode")
+    set(MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_TBB ON)
+    set(TBB_TEST OFF CACHE INTERNAL "" FORCE)
+    set(TBB_STRICT OFF CACHE INTERNAL "" FORCE)
+    FetchContent_Declare(
+      TBB
+      GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/oneapi-src/oneTBB.git
+      GIT_TAG v2021.11.0
+      GIT_PROGRESS TRUE
+      EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL
+    )
+    FetchContent_MakeAvailable(TBB)
+  endif()
+endif()
+
+# If we're building cross_section, we need Clipper2
+if(MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION)
+  if(NOT MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_CLIPPER2)
+    find_package(Clipper2 QUIET)
+    if(NOT Clipper2_FOUND AND PKG_CONFIG_FOUND)
+      pkg_check_modules(Clipper2 Clipper2)
+    endif()
+  endif()
+  if(Clipper2_FOUND)
+    add_library(Clipper2 SHARED IMPORTED)
+    set_property(
+      TARGET Clipper2
+      PROPERTY IMPORTED_LOCATION ${Clipper2_LINK_LIBRARIES}
+    )
+    if(WIN32)
+      set_property(
+        TARGET Clipper2
+        PROPERTY IMPORTED_IMPLIB ${Clipper2_LINK_LIBRARIES}
+      )
+    endif()
+    target_include_directories(Clipper2 INTERFACE ${Clipper2_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+  else()
+    logmissingdep("Clipper2" , "cross_section")
+    set(MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_CLIPPER2 ON)
+    set(CLIPPER2_UTILS OFF)
+    set(CLIPPER2_EXAMPLES OFF)
+    set(CLIPPER2_TESTS OFF)
+    set(
+      CLIPPER2_USINGZ
+      OFF
+      CACHE BOOL
+      "Preempt cache default of USINGZ (we only use 2d)"
+    )
+    FetchContent_Declare(
+      Clipper2
+      GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/AngusJohnson/Clipper2.git
+      GIT_TAG ff378668baae3570e9d8070aa9eb339bdd5a6aba
+      GIT_PROGRESS TRUE
+      SOURCE_SUBDIR CPP
+      EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL
+    )
+    FetchContent_MakeAvailable(Clipper2)
+  endif()
+  if(NOT TARGET Clipper2::Clipper2)
+    add_library(Clipper2::Clipper2 ALIAS Clipper2)
+  endif()
+endif()
+
+if(TRACY_ENABLE)
+  logmissingdep("tracy" , "TRACY_ENABLE")
+  FetchContent_Declare(
+    tracy
+    GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/wolfpld/tracy.git
+    GIT_TAG v0.10
+    GIT_SHALLOW TRUE
+    GIT_PROGRESS TRUE
+    EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL
+  )
+  FetchContent_MakeAvailable(tracy)
+endif()
+
+# If we're supporting mesh I/O, we need assimp
+if(MANIFOLD_EXPORT)
+  find_package(assimp REQUIRED)
+endif()
+
+if(MANIFOLD_PYBIND)
+  if(Python_VERSION VERSION_LESS 3.12)
+    find_package(Python COMPONENTS Interpreter Development.Module REQUIRED)
+  else()
+    find_package(Python COMPONENTS Interpreter Development.SABIModule REQUIRED)
+  endif()
+  if(Python_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 3.11)
+    set(MANIFOLD_PYBIND_STUBGEN ON)
+  else()
+    # stubgen does not support version less than 3.11
+    set(MANIFOLD_PYBIND_STUBGEN OFF)
+    message("Python version too old, stub will not be generated")
+  endif()
+
+  if(NOT MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_NANOBIND)
+    execute_process(
+      COMMAND "${Python_EXECUTABLE}" -m nanobind --version
+      OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
+      OUTPUT_VARIABLE NB_VERSION
+    )
+  endif()
+  # we are fine with 2.0.0
+  if(NB_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 2.0.0)
+    message("Found nanobind, version ${NB_VERSION}")
+    execute_process(
+      COMMAND "${Python_EXECUTABLE}" -m nanobind --cmake_dir
+      OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
+      OUTPUT_VARIABLE nanobind_ROOT
+    )
+    find_package(nanobind CONFIG REQUIRED)
+  else()
+    logmissingdep("nanobind" , "MANIFOLD_PYBIND")
+    set(MANIFOLD_USE_BUILTIN_NANOBIND ON)
+    FetchContent_Declare(
+      nanobind
+      GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/wjakob/nanobind.git
+      GIT_TAG
+        784efa2a0358a4dc5432c74f5685ee026e20f2b6 # v2.2.0
+      GIT_PROGRESS TRUE
+      EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL
+    )
+    FetchContent_MakeAvailable(nanobind)
+    set(NB_VERSION 2.2.0)
+  endif()
+
+  if(NB_VERSION VERSION_LESS 2.1.0)
+    message("Nanobind version too old, stub will not be generated")
+    set(MANIFOLD_PYBIND_STUBGEN OFF)
+  endif()
+endif()
+
+if(MANIFOLD_TEST)
+  find_package(GTest QUIET)
+  if(NOT GTest_FOUND)
+    logmissingdep("GTest" , "MANIFOLD_TEST")
+    set(gtest_force_shared_crt ON CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+    # Prevent installation of GTest with your project
+    set(INSTALL_GTEST OFF CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+    set(INSTALL_GMOCK OFF CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+    include(FetchContent)
+    FetchContent_Declare(
+      googletest
+      GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/google/googletest.git
+      GIT_TAG v1.14.0
+      GIT_SHALLOW TRUE
+      GIT_PROGRESS TRUE
+      FIND_PACKAGE_ARGS NAMES GTest gtest
+      EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL
+    )
+    FetchContent_MakeAvailable(googletest)
+  endif()
+  if(NOT TARGET GTest::gtest_main)
+    add_library(GTest::gtest_main ALIAS gtest_main)
+  endif()
+endif()
+
+if(MANIFOLD_FUZZ)
+  logmissingdep("fuzztest" , "MANIFOLD_FUZZ")
+  FetchContent_Declare(
+    fuzztest
+    GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/google/fuzztest.git
+    GIT_TAG 2606e04a43e5a7730e437a849604a61f1cb0ff28
+    GIT_PROGRESS TRUE
+  )
+  FetchContent_MakeAvailable(fuzztest)
+endif()
+
+set(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS ${OLD_BUILD_SHARED_LIBS})
diff --git a/cmake/version.h.in b/cmake/version.h.in
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f708f90c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/version.h.in
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// Copyright 2024 The Manifold Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#define MANIFOLD_VERSION_MAJOR @MANIFOLD_VERSION_MAJOR@
+#define MANIFOLD_VERSION_MINOR @MANIFOLD_VERSION_MINOR@
+#define MANIFOLD_VERSION_PATCH @MANIFOLD_VERSION_PATCH@
diff --git a/extras/CMakeLists.txt b/extras/CMakeLists.txt
index 427d61d1c..ec69f2f2b 100644
--- a/extras/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/extras/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -19,30 +19,33 @@ endif()
 add_executable(perfTest perf_test.cpp)
 target_link_libraries(perfTest manifold)
 target_compile_options(perfTest PRIVATE ${MANIFOLD_FLAGS})
-target_compile_features(perfTest PUBLIC cxx_std_17)
+exportbin(perfTest)
 
 if(MANIFOLD_PAR AND NOT MSVC)
   add_executable(stlTest stl_test.cpp)
-  target_link_libraries(stlTest manifold)
+  target_link_libraries(stlTest PRIVATE manifold TBB::tbb)
   target_compile_options(stlTest PRIVATE ${MANIFOLD_FLAGS})
-  target_compile_features(stlTest PUBLIC cxx_std_17)
 endif()
 
 add_executable(largeSceneTest large_scene_test.cpp)
 target_link_libraries(largeSceneTest manifold)
 target_compile_options(largeSceneTest PRIVATE ${MANIFOLD_FLAGS})
-target_compile_features(largeSceneTest PUBLIC cxx_std_17)
+exportbin(largeSceneTest)
 
 if(MANIFOLD_DEBUG)
   add_executable(minimizeTestcase minimize_testcase.cpp)
-  target_link_libraries(minimizeTestcase manifold)
+  target_link_libraries(
+    minimizeTestcase
+    manifold
+    $<$<BOOL:${MANIFOLD_PAR}>:TBB::tbb>
+  )
   target_compile_options(minimizeTestcase PRIVATE ${MANIFOLD_FLAGS})
-  target_compile_features(minimizeTestcase PUBLIC cxx_std_17)
+  exportbin(minimizeTestcase)
 endif()
 
 if(MANIFOLD_EXPORT)
   add_executable(convertFile convert_file.cpp)
   target_link_libraries(convertFile manifold manifold)
   target_compile_options(convertFile PRIVATE ${MANIFOLD_FLAGS})
-  target_compile_features(convertFile PUBLIC cxx_std_17)
+  exportbin(convertFile)
 endif()
diff --git a/extras/stl_test.cpp b/extras/stl_test.cpp
index 4d2c7f502..3f5873d23 100644
--- a/extras/stl_test.cpp
+++ b/extras/stl_test.cpp
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #include <random>
 #include <vector>
 
-#include "manifold/parallel.h"
+#include "../src/parallel.h"
 
 static constexpr size_t g_Iterations = 5;
 static constexpr size_t g_IterationsDiscard = 1;
diff --git a/flake.lock b/flake.lock
index f6676b347..da17620ff 100644
--- a/flake.lock
+++ b/flake.lock
@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@
     "clipper2-src": {
       "flake": false,
       "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1715688111,
-        "narHash": "sha256-iy2QV8IVEEIPijWIpzIQtqIQeTU4bfiH41pC0X6m72U=",
+        "lastModified": 1728932753,
+        "narHash": "sha256-m/uKGB3BHFRk0wrd71+/oURqxIR1/qQngm77No41la0=",
         "owner": "AngusJohnson",
         "repo": "Clipper2",
-        "rev": "ff378668baae3570e9d8070aa9eb339bdd5a6aba",
+        "rev": "ed98928c66707988d4eb2c49a31c41380a08931c",
         "type": "github"
       },
       "original": {
@@ -21,11 +21,11 @@
         "systems": "systems"
       },
       "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1701680307,
-        "narHash": "sha256-kAuep2h5ajznlPMD9rnQyffWG8EM/C73lejGofXvdM8=",
+        "lastModified": 1726560853,
+        "narHash": "sha256-X6rJYSESBVr3hBoH0WbKE5KvhPU5bloyZ2L4K60/fPQ=",
         "owner": "numtide",
         "repo": "flake-utils",
-        "rev": "4022d587cbbfd70fe950c1e2083a02621806a725",
+        "rev": "c1dfcf08411b08f6b8615f7d8971a2bfa81d5e8a",
         "type": "github"
       },
       "original": {
@@ -34,6 +34,23 @@
         "type": "github"
       }
     },
+    "gersemi-src": {
+      "flake": false,
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1729957417,
+        "narHash": "sha256-t9W27lwNKRFAraynAGEawFb1qCW9/b3RCm/jeb9zJXg=",
+        "owner": "BlankSpruce",
+        "repo": "gersemi",
+        "rev": "27f279333ec3308f9910d53fe4dd69d622e4bc55",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "BlankSpruce",
+        "ref": "0.17.0",
+        "repo": "gersemi",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
     "gtest-src": {
       "flake": false,
       "locked": {
@@ -53,11 +70,11 @@
     },
     "nixpkgs": {
       "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1726937504,
-        "narHash": "sha256-bvGoiQBvponpZh8ClUcmJ6QnsNKw0EMrCQJARK3bI1c=",
+        "lastModified": 1731139594,
+        "narHash": "sha256-IigrKK3vYRpUu+HEjPL/phrfh7Ox881er1UEsZvw9Q4=",
         "owner": "NixOS",
         "repo": "nixpkgs",
-        "rev": "9357f4f23713673f310988025d9dc261c20e70c6",
+        "rev": "76612b17c0ce71689921ca12d9ffdc9c23ce40b2",
         "type": "github"
       },
       "original": {
@@ -66,12 +83,31 @@
         "type": "indirect"
       }
     },
+    "onetbb-src": {
+      "flake": false,
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1730395391,
+        "narHash": "sha256-XOlC1+rf65oEGKDba9N561NuFo1YJhn3Q1CTGtvkn7A=",
+        "owner": "oneapi-src",
+        "repo": "oneTBB",
+        "rev": "0c0ff192a2304e114bc9e6557582dfba101360ff",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "oneapi-src",
+        "ref": "v2022.0.0",
+        "repo": "oneTBB",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
     "root": {
       "inputs": {
         "clipper2-src": "clipper2-src",
         "flake-utils": "flake-utils",
+        "gersemi-src": "gersemi-src",
         "gtest-src": "gtest-src",
-        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs"
+        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs",
+        "onetbb-src": "onetbb-src"
       }
     },
     "systems": {
diff --git a/flake.nix b/flake.nix
index 2a1a8a5e9..1671ce390 100644
--- a/flake.nix
+++ b/flake.nix
@@ -9,141 +9,197 @@
     url = "github:AngusJohnson/Clipper2";
     flake = false;
   };
-  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, flake-utils, gtest-src, clipper2-src }:
+  inputs.onetbb-src = {
+    url = "github:oneapi-src/oneTBB/v2022.0.0";
+    flake = false;
+  };
+  inputs.gersemi-src = {
+    url = "github:BlankSpruce/gersemi/0.17.0";
+    flake = false;
+  };
+  outputs =
+    { self
+    , nixpkgs
+    , flake-utils
+    , gtest-src
+    , clipper2-src
+    , onetbb-src
+    , gersemi-src
+    }:
     flake-utils.lib.eachDefaultSystem
       (system:
-        let
-          pkgs = import nixpkgs {
-            inherit system;
-            config.allowUnfree = true;
-          };
-          clipper2 = pkgs.clipper2.overrideAttrs (_: _: {
-            version = "14052024";
-            src = clipper2-src;
-          });
-          manifold =
-            { parallel-backend ? "none"
-            , doCheck ? true
-            , build-tools ? [ ]
-            , ...
-            }: pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation {
-              inherit doCheck;
-              pname = "manifold-${parallel-backend}";
-              version = "2.5.1";
-              src = self;
-              nativeBuildInputs = (with pkgs; [
-                cmake
-                ninja
-                (python3.withPackages
-                  (ps: with ps; [ nanobind trimesh pytest ]))
-                gtest
-                pkg-config
-              ]) ++ build-tools;
-              buildInputs = with pkgs; [
-                clipper2
-                assimp
-              ];
-              cmakeFlags = [
-                "-DMANIFOLD_CBIND=ON"
-                "-DMANIFOLD_EXPORT=ON"
-                "-DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON"
-                "-DMANIFOLD_PAR=${pkgs.lib.strings.toUpper parallel-backend}"
-              ];
-              checkPhase = ''
-                cd test
-                ./manifold_test
-                cd ../
-              '';
-            };
-          parallelBackends = [
-            { parallel-backend = "none"; }
-            {
-              parallel-backend = "tbb";
-              build-tools = with pkgs; [ tbb pkg-config ];
-            }
+      let
+        manifold-version = "2.5.1";
+        pkgs = import nixpkgs {
+          inherit system;
+          overlays = [
+            (final: prev: {
+              clipper2 = prev.clipper2.overrideAttrs (_: {
+                version = clipper2-src.rev;
+                src = clipper2-src;
+              });
+              # https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/343743#issuecomment-2424163602
+              binaryen =
+                let
+                  testsuite = final.fetchFromGitHub {
+                    owner = "WebAssembly";
+                    repo = "testsuite";
+                    rev = "e05365077e13a1d86ffe77acfb1a835b7aa78422";
+                    hash = "sha256-yvZ5AZTPUA6nsD3xpFC0VLthiu2CxVto66RTXBXXeJM=";
+                  };
+                in
+                prev.binaryen.overrideAttrs (_: rec {
+                  version = "119";
+                  src = pkgs.fetchFromGitHub {
+                    owner = "WebAssembly";
+                    repo = "binaryen";
+                    rev = "version_${version}";
+                    hash = "sha256-JYXtN3CW4qm/nnjGRvv3GxQ0x9O9wHtNYQLqHIYTTOA=";
+                  };
+                  preConfigure = ''
+                    if [ $doCheck -eq 1 ]; then
+                      sed -i '/googletest/d' third_party/CMakeLists.txt
+                      rmdir test/spec/testsuite
+                      ln -s ${testsuite} test/spec/testsuite
+                    else
+                      cmakeFlagsArray=($cmakeFlagsArray -DBUILD_TESTS=0)
+                    fi
+                  '';
+                });
+            })
           ];
-        in
-        {
-          packages = (builtins.listToAttrs
-            (map
-              (x: {
-                name = "manifold-" + x.parallel-backend;
-                value = manifold x;
-              })
-              parallelBackends)) // {
-            manifold-js = pkgs.buildEmscriptenPackage {
-              name = "manifold-js";
-              version = "2.5.1";
-              src = self;
-              nativeBuildInputs = (with pkgs; [ cmake python39 ]);
-              buildInputs = [ pkgs.nodejs ];
-              configurePhase = ''
-                cp -r ${clipper2-src} clipper2
-                chmod -R +w clipper2
-                mkdir -p .emscriptencache
-                export EM_CACHE=$(pwd)/.emscriptencache
-                mkdir build
-                cd build
-                emcmake cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
-                -DFETCHCONTENT_SOURCE_DIR_GOOGLETEST=${gtest-src} \
-                -DFETCHCONTENT_SOURCE_DIR_CLIPPER2=../clipper2 ..
-              '';
-              buildPhase = ''
-                emmake make -j''${NIX_BUILD_CORES}
-              '';
-              checkPhase = ''
-                cd test
-                node manifold_test.js
-                cd ../
-              '';
-              installPhase = ''
-                mkdir -p $out
-                cp {extras,wasm}/*.js $out/
-                cp {extras,wasm}/*.wasm $out/
-              '';
-            };
-            # but how should we make it work with other python versions?
-            manifold3d = with pkgs.python3Packages; buildPythonPackage {
-              pname = "manifold3d";
-              version = "2.5.1";
-              src = self;
-              propagatedBuildInputs = [
-                numpy
-              ];
-              buildInputs = with pkgs; [
-                tbb
-                clipper2
-              ];
-              nativeBuildInputs = with pkgs; [
-                cmake
-                ninja
-                setuptools
-                scikit-build-core
-                pyproject-metadata
-                pathspec
-                pkg-config
-              ];
-              checkInputs = [
-                nanobind
-                trimesh
-                pytest
-              ];
-              format = "pyproject";
-              dontUseCmakeConfigure = true;
-              doCheck = true;
-              checkPhase = ''
-                python3 bindings/python/examples/run_all.py
-                python3 -m pytest
-              '';
-            };
-          };
-          devShell = pkgs.mkShell {
-            buildInputs = with pkgs; [
+        };
+        onetbb = pkgs.tbb_2021_11.overrideAttrs (_: {
+          version = onetbb-src.rev;
+          src = onetbb-src;
+        });
+        gersemi = with pkgs.python3Packages; buildPythonPackage {
+          pname = "gersemi";
+          version = "0.17.0";
+          src = gersemi-src;
+          propagatedBuildInputs = [
+            appdirs
+            lark
+            pyyaml
+          ];
+          doCheck = true;
+        };
+        manifold =
+          { parallel ? true }: pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation {
+            pname = "manifold-${if parallel then "tbb" else "none"}";
+            version = manifold-version;
+            src = self;
+            nativeBuildInputs = (with pkgs; [
               cmake
-              tbb
+              ninja
+              (python3.withPackages
+                (ps: with ps; [ nanobind trimesh pytest ]))
               gtest
+            ]) ++ (if parallel then [ onetbb ] else [ ]);
+            buildInputs = with pkgs; [
+              clipper2
+              assimp
             ];
+            cmakeFlags = [
+              "-DMANIFOLD_CBIND=ON"
+              "-DMANIFOLD_EXPORT=ON"
+              "-DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON"
+              "-DMANIFOLD_PAR=${if parallel then "ON" else "OFF"}"
+            ];
+            checkPhase = ''
+              cd test
+              ./manifold_test
+              cd ../
+            '';
           };
-        }
+        manifold-emscripten = { doCheck ? true }: pkgs.buildEmscriptenPackage {
+          name = "manifold-js";
+          version = manifold-version;
+          src = self;
+          nativeBuildInputs = (with pkgs; [ cmake python39 ]);
+          buildInputs = [ pkgs.nodejs ];
+          configurePhase = ''
+            cp -r ${clipper2-src} clipper2
+            chmod -R +w clipper2
+            mkdir -p .emscriptencache
+            export EM_CACHE=$(pwd)/.emscriptencache
+            mkdir build
+            cd build
+            emcmake cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
+            -DFETCHCONTENT_SOURCE_DIR_GOOGLETEST=${gtest-src} \
+            -DFETCHCONTENT_SOURCE_DIR_CLIPPER2=../clipper2 ..
+          '';
+          buildPhase = ''
+            emmake make -j''${NIX_BUILD_CORES}
+          '';
+          checkPhase = if doCheck then ''
+            cd test
+            node manifold_test.js
+            cd ../
+          '' else "";
+          installPhase = ''
+            mkdir -p $out
+            cp bindings/wasm/manifold.* $out/
+          '';
+        };
+      in
+      {
+        packages = {
+          manifold-tbb = manifold { };
+          manifold-none = manifold { parallel = false; };
+          manifold-js = manifold-emscripten { };
+          # but how should we make it work with other python versions?
+          manifold3d = with pkgs.python3Packages; buildPythonPackage {
+            pname = "manifold3d";
+            version = manifold-version;
+            src = self;
+            propagatedBuildInputs = [ numpy ];
+            buildInputs = [ onetbb pkgs.clipper2 ];
+            nativeBuildInputs = with pkgs; [
+              cmake
+              ninja
+              setuptools
+              scikit-build-core
+              pyproject-metadata
+              pathspec
+            ];
+            checkInputs = [ nanobind trimesh pytest ];
+            format = "pyproject";
+            dontUseCmakeConfigure = true;
+            doCheck = true;
+            checkPhase = ''
+              python3 bindings/python/examples/run_all.py
+              python3 -m pytest
+            '';
+          };
+        };
+        devShell = pkgs.mkShell {
+          buildInputs = with pkgs; [
+            (python3.withPackages (ps: with ps; [
+              # test dependencies
+              trimesh
+              numpy
+              pytest
+
+              # formatting tools
+              gersemi
+              black
+            ]))
+
+            ninja
+            cmake
+            onetbb
+            gtest
+            assimp
+            clipper2
+            pkg-config
+
+            # useful tools
+            clang-tools_18
+            clang_18
+            tracy
+          ];
+        };
+      }
       );
 }
diff --git a/samples/CMakeLists.txt b/samples/CMakeLists.txt
index c66db5a8f..7e2dd51be 100644
--- a/samples/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/samples/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -34,4 +34,3 @@ target_include_directories(samples PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include)
 target_link_libraries(samples PUBLIC manifold)
 
 target_compile_options(samples PRIVATE ${MANIFOLD_FLAGS})
-target_compile_features(samples PUBLIC cxx_std_17)
diff --git a/scripts/format.sh b/scripts/format.sh
index 723d3f2f5..2d8538727 100755
--- a/scripts/format.sh
+++ b/scripts/format.sh
@@ -19,16 +19,11 @@ $CLANG_FORMAT -i include/manifold/*.h
 
 black bindings/python/examples/*.py
 
-for f in $(find -name CMakeLists.txt); do
-  # skip build directories
-  if [[ $f != *build* ]]; then
-    gersemi -i $f
-  fi
-done
-
-for f in $(find -name '*.cmake.in'); do
-  # skip build directories
-  if [[ $f != *build* ]]; then
-    gersemi -i $f
-  fi
+for pattern in 'CMakeLists.txt' '*.cmake*'; do
+  for f in $(find -name ${pattern}); do
+    # skip build directories
+    if [[ $f != *build* && $f != *node_modules* ]]; then
+      gersemi -i $f
+    fi
+  done
 done
diff --git a/scripts/test-cmake-subdir.sh b/scripts/test-cmake-subdir.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b719a9bce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/test-cmake-subdir.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+mkdir cmake-consumer
+cd cmake-consumer
+
+cat <<EOT > CMakeLists.txt
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.18)
+project(testing LANGUAGES CXX)
+set(MANIFOLD_PAR ON)
+add_subdirectory(manifold EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL)
+add_executable(testing test.cpp)
+target_link_libraries(testing PRIVATE manifold::manifold)
+EOT
+
+cat <<EOT > test.cpp
+#include <manifold/manifold.h>
+#include <manifold/version.h>
+int main() { manifold::Manifold foo; return 0; }
+EOT
+
+cp -r ../manifold ./
+mkdir build
+cd build
+cmake ..
+make
+./testing
+
diff --git a/scripts/test-cmake.sh b/scripts/test-cmake.sh
index 905ae1a3c..456632cb2 100755
--- a/scripts/test-cmake.sh
+++ b/scripts/test-cmake.sh
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ EOT
 
 cat <<EOT > test.cpp
 #include <manifold/manifold.h>
-#include <manifold/parallel.h>
+#include <manifold/version.h>
 int main() { manifold::Manifold foo; return 0; }
 EOT
 
diff --git a/scripts/test-pkgconfig.sh b/scripts/test-pkgconfig.sh
index e447e0dac..e3f7ccd29 100755
--- a/scripts/test-pkgconfig.sh
+++ b/scripts/test-pkgconfig.sh
@@ -3,15 +3,15 @@ mkdir make-consumer
 cd make-consumer
 
 cat <<'EOT' > Makefile
-CXXFLAGS=$(shell pkg-config --cflags manifold)
-LDFLAGS=$(shell pkg-config --libs manifold)
+override CXXFLAGS += $(shell pkg-config --cflags manifold)
+override LDFLAGS += $(shell pkg-config --libs manifold)
 
 testing : testing.cpp
 EOT
 
 cat <<EOT > testing.cpp
 #include <manifold/manifold.h>
-#include <manifold/parallel.h>
+#include <manifold/version.h>
 int main() { manifold::Manifold foo; return 0; }
 EOT
 
diff --git a/src/CMakeLists.txt b/src/CMakeLists.txt
index fbc187804..72b174441 100644
--- a/src/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -12,9 +12,6 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-# For private headers
-include_directories("${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}")
-
 set(
   MANIFOLD_SRCS
   boolean3.cpp
@@ -32,6 +29,9 @@ set(
   smoothing.cpp
   sort.cpp
   subdivision.cpp
+  # optional source files
+  $<$<BOOL:${MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION}>:cross_section/cross_section.cpp>
+  $<$<BOOL:${MANIFOLD_EXPORT}>:meshIO/meshIO.cpp>
 )
 
 set(
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ set(
   hashtable.h
   impl.h
   mesh_fixes.h
+  parallel.h
   quickhull.h
   shared.h
   sparse.h
@@ -51,62 +52,33 @@ set(
   vec.h
 )
 
-if(MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION)
-  list(APPEND MANIFOLD_SRCS cross_section/cross_section.cpp)
-endif()
-
-if(MANIFOLD_EXPORT)
-  list(APPEND MANIFOLD_SRCS meshIO/meshIO.cpp)
-endif()
-
-# Dependency libraries
-if(MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION)
-  if(TARGET Clipper2::Clipper2)
-    list(APPEND MANIFOLD_LIBS Clipper2::Clipper2)
-  else()
-    list(APPEND MANIFOLD_LIBS Clipper2)
-  endif()
-endif()
-if(MANIFOLD_PAR)
-  if(TARGET TBB::tbb)
-    list(APPEND MANIFOLD_LIBS TBB::tbb)
-  else()
-    list(APPEND MANIFOLD_LIBS ${TBB_LINK_LIBRARIES})
-  endif()
-endif()
-if(MANIFOLD_EXPORT)
-  list(APPEND MANIFOLD_LIBS assimp::assimp)
-endif()
-
 # Include directories
-set(MANIFOLD_INCLUDE_DIRS ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/include)
-if(TBB_INCLUDE_DIRS)
-  list(APPEND MANIFOLD_INCLUDE_DIRS ${TBB_INCLUDE_DIRS})
-endif()
+set(MANIFOLD_INCLUDE_DIRS ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include)
 
 add_library(manifold ${MANIFOLD_SRCS} ${MANIFOLD_PRIVATE_HDRS})
-add_library(manifold::manifold ALIAS manifold)
-set_property(TARGET manifold PROPERTY VERSION "${MANIFOLD_VERSION}")
-set_property(TARGET manifold PROPERTY SOVERSION ${MANIFOLD_VERSION_MAJOR})
-if(MSVC)
-  set_target_properties(
-    ${PROJECT_NAME}
-    PROPERTIES WINDOWS_EXPORT_ALL_SYMBOLS ON
-  )
-endif()
-target_link_libraries(manifold PUBLIC ${MANIFOLD_LIBS})
-if(MANIFOLD_FLAGS)
-  target_compile_options(manifold PRIVATE ${MANIFOLD_FLAGS})
-endif()
-target_include_directories(
+
+target_link_libraries(manifold PUBLIC $<$<BOOL:${TRACY_ENABLE}>:TracyClient>)
+
+target_link_libraries(
   manifold
-  PUBLIC
-    $<INSTALL_INTERFACE:include>
-    $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include>
-  PRIVATE ${MANIFOLD_INCLUDE_DIRS}
+  PRIVATE
+    # optional dependencies
+    $<$<BOOL:${MANIFOLD_PAR}>:TBB::tbb>
+    $<$<BOOL:${MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION}>:Clipper2::Clipper2>
+    $<$<BOOL:${MANIFOLD_EXPORT}>:assimp::assimp>
 )
 
-set(OPTIONS MANIFOLD_DEBUG MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION MANIFOLD_EXPORT)
+target_compile_options(manifold PRIVATE ${MANIFOLD_FLAGS})
+# make sure users use appropriate c++ standard when including our headers
+target_compile_features(manifold PUBLIC cxx_std_17)
+set(
+  OPTIONS
+  MANIFOLD_DEBUG
+  MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION
+  MANIFOLD_EXPORT
+  TRACY_ENABLE
+  TRACY_MEMORY_USAGE
+)
 foreach(OPT IN LISTS OPTIONS)
   if(${${OPT}})
     target_compile_options(manifold PUBLIC -D${OPT})
@@ -118,27 +90,15 @@ else()
   target_compile_options(manifold PUBLIC -DMANIFOLD_PAR=-1)
 endif()
 
-target_compile_features(manifold PUBLIC cxx_std_17)
+target_include_directories(
+  manifold
+  PUBLIC
+    $<INSTALL_INTERFACE:include>
+    $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include>
+    $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/include>
+  PRIVATE ${MANIFOLD_INCLUDE_DIRS}
+)
 
-install(TARGETS manifold EXPORT manifoldTargets)
+exportlib(manifold)
 
-# Tracy Support
-if(TRACY_ENABLE)
-  if(NOT MANIFOLD_DOWNLOADS)
-    message(
-      WARNING
-      "Downloading is disabled, but tracy requires download - skipping.\n"
-    )
-    return()
-  endif()
-  include(FetchContent)
-  FetchContent_Declare(
-    tracy
-    GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/wolfpld/tracy.git
-    GIT_TAG v0.10
-    GIT_SHALLOW TRUE
-    GIT_PROGRESS TRUE
-  )
-  FetchContent_MakeAvailable(tracy)
-  target_link_libraries(manifold PUBLIC TracyClient)
-endif()
+install(TARGETS manifold EXPORT manifoldTargets)
diff --git a/src/boolean3.cpp b/src/boolean3.cpp
index ab383f6ce..1fca99db4 100644
--- a/src/boolean3.cpp
+++ b/src/boolean3.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 #include <limits>
 
-#include "manifold/parallel.h"
+#include "./parallel.h"
 
 using namespace manifold;
 
diff --git a/src/boolean_result.cpp b/src/boolean_result.cpp
index f53b7460d..44faf73e9 100644
--- a/src/boolean_result.cpp
+++ b/src/boolean_result.cpp
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
 #include <map>
 
 #include "./boolean3.h"
+#include "./parallel.h"
 #include "./utils.h"
-#include "manifold/parallel.h"
 
 #if (MANIFOLD_PAR == 1) && __has_include(<tbb/concurrent_map.h>)
 #define TBB_PREVIEW_CONCURRENT_ORDERED_CONTAINERS 1
diff --git a/src/collider.h b/src/collider.h
index 6c303fb5c..80de94b7c 100644
--- a/src/collider.h
+++ b/src/collider.h
@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 
 #pragma once
+#include "./parallel.h"
 #include "./sparse.h"
 #include "./utils.h"
 #include "./vec.h"
 #include "manifold/common.h"
-#include "manifold/parallel.h"
 
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
 #include <intrin.h>
diff --git a/src/constructors.cpp b/src/constructors.cpp
index 92e0af974..17df744ee 100644
--- a/src/constructors.cpp
+++ b/src/constructors.cpp
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 
 #include "./csg_tree.h"
 #include "./impl.h"
-#include "manifold/parallel.h"
+#include "./parallel.h"
 #include "manifold/polygon.h"
 
 namespace manifold {
diff --git a/src/csg_tree.cpp b/src/csg_tree.cpp
index f04a9e95b..8f98fe298 100644
--- a/src/csg_tree.cpp
+++ b/src/csg_tree.cpp
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 #include "./csg_tree.h"
 #include "./impl.h"
 #include "./mesh_fixes.h"
-#include "manifold/parallel.h"
+#include "./parallel.h"
 
 constexpr int kParallelThreshold = 4096;
 
diff --git a/src/edge_op.cpp b/src/edge_op.cpp
index 20f2fd0f5..d22577a2a 100644
--- a/src/edge_op.cpp
+++ b/src/edge_op.cpp
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 
 #include "./impl.h"
-#include "manifold/parallel.h"
+#include "./parallel.h"
 
 namespace {
 using namespace manifold;
diff --git a/src/face_op.cpp b/src/face_op.cpp
index 15cab42a8..b1a6b16c7 100644
--- a/src/face_op.cpp
+++ b/src/face_op.cpp
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 #include <unordered_set>
 
 #include "./impl.h"
-#include "manifold/parallel.h"
+#include "./parallel.h"
 #include "manifold/polygon.h"
 
 namespace manifold {
diff --git a/src/impl.cpp b/src/impl.cpp
index 1718bcb1e..9582b2c12 100644
--- a/src/impl.cpp
+++ b/src/impl.cpp
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@
 
 #include "./hashtable.h"
 #include "./mesh_fixes.h"
+#include "./parallel.h"
 #include "./svd.h"
-#include "manifold/parallel.h"
 
 namespace {
 using namespace manifold;
diff --git a/src/manifold.cpp b/src/manifold.cpp
index 92ac4d957..a36dd460b 100644
--- a/src/manifold.cpp
+++ b/src/manifold.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 #include "./boolean3.h"
 #include "./csg_tree.h"
 #include "./impl.h"
-#include "manifold/parallel.h"
+#include "./parallel.h"
 
 namespace {
 using namespace manifold;
diff --git a/include/manifold/parallel.h b/src/parallel.h
similarity index 100%
rename from include/manifold/parallel.h
rename to src/parallel.h
diff --git a/src/polygon.cpp b/src/polygon.cpp
index 639d3ed3c..60f510a98 100644
--- a/src/polygon.cpp
+++ b/src/polygon.cpp
@@ -19,9 +19,9 @@
 #include <set>
 
 #include "./collider.h"
+#include "./parallel.h"
 #include "./utils.h"
 #include "manifold/optional_assert.h"
-#include "manifold/parallel.h"
 
 namespace {
 using namespace manifold;
diff --git a/src/properties.cpp b/src/properties.cpp
index 9f6d8bfeb..32f79e5b6 100644
--- a/src/properties.cpp
+++ b/src/properties.cpp
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@
 #include <limits>
 
 #include "./impl.h"
+#include "./parallel.h"
 #include "./tri_dist.h"
-#include "manifold/parallel.h"
 
 namespace {
 using namespace manifold;
diff --git a/src/sdf.cpp b/src/sdf.cpp
index 51d880580..64dd7094d 100644
--- a/src/sdf.cpp
+++ b/src/sdf.cpp
@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@
 
 #include "./hashtable.h"
 #include "./impl.h"
+#include "./parallel.h"
 #include "./utils.h"
 #include "./vec.h"
 #include "manifold/manifold.h"
-#include "manifold/parallel.h"
 
 namespace {
 using namespace manifold;
diff --git a/src/shared.h b/src/shared.h
index b1e807370..3f3336141 100644
--- a/src/shared.h
+++ b/src/shared.h
@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include "./parallel.h"
 #include "./sparse.h"
 #include "./utils.h"
 #include "./vec.h"
-#include "manifold/parallel.h"
 
 namespace manifold {
 
diff --git a/src/smoothing.cpp b/src/smoothing.cpp
index 5c1d7e811..57d81b462 100644
--- a/src/smoothing.cpp
+++ b/src/smoothing.cpp
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 
 #include "./impl.h"
-#include "manifold/parallel.h"
+#include "./parallel.h"
 
 namespace {
 using namespace manifold;
diff --git a/src/sort.cpp b/src/sort.cpp
index a1c78e083..f394aa526 100644
--- a/src/sort.cpp
+++ b/src/sort.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 #include <set>
 
 #include "./impl.h"
-#include "manifold/parallel.h"
+#include "./parallel.h"
 
 namespace {
 using namespace manifold;
diff --git a/src/sparse.h b/src/sparse.h
index 9eedb16a3..a25ea6114 100644
--- a/src/sparse.h
+++ b/src/sparse.h
@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 
 #pragma once
+#include "./parallel.h"
 #include "./utils.h"
 #include "./vec.h"
 #include "manifold/common.h"
 #include "manifold/optional_assert.h"
-#include "manifold/parallel.h"
 
 namespace {
 template <typename T>
diff --git a/src/subdivision.cpp b/src/subdivision.cpp
index 83b66d442..c8631d79c 100644
--- a/src/subdivision.cpp
+++ b/src/subdivision.cpp
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 
 #include "./impl.h"
-#include "manifold/parallel.h"
+#include "./parallel.h"
 
 template <>
 struct std::hash<manifold::ivec4> {
diff --git a/src/utils.h b/src/utils.h
index bd8b4a721..12d6a5847 100644
--- a/src/utils.h
+++ b/src/utils.h
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 #endif
 #endif
 
-#include "manifold/parallel.h"
+#include "./parallel.h"
 
 #if __has_include(<tracy/Tracy.hpp>)
 #include <tracy/Tracy.hpp>
diff --git a/src/vec.h b/src/vec.h
index 48c6d4e10..b59b4b6ad 100644
--- a/src/vec.h
+++ b/src/vec.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #endif
 #include <vector>
 
-#include "manifold/parallel.h"
+#include "./parallel.h"
 #include "manifold/vec_view.h"
 
 namespace manifold {
diff --git a/test/CMakeLists.txt b/test/CMakeLists.txt
index e7faabded..53d571265 100644
--- a/test/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/test/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -18,33 +18,6 @@ endif()
 
 enable_testing()
 
-find_package(GTest QUIET)
-if(NOT GTest_FOUND)
-  if(NOT MANIFOLD_DOWNLOADS)
-    message(
-      WARNING
-      "Downloading is disabled, but testing requires googletest - skipping.\n"
-    )
-    return()
-  endif()
-
-  set(gtest_force_shared_crt ON CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
-  # Prevent installation of GTest with your project
-  set(INSTALL_GTEST OFF CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
-  set(INSTALL_GMOCK OFF CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
-
-  include(FetchContent)
-  FetchContent_Declare(
-    googletest
-    GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/google/googletest.git
-    GIT_TAG v1.14.0
-    GIT_SHALLOW TRUE
-    GIT_PROGRESS TRUE
-    FIND_PACKAGE_ARGS NAMES GTest gtest
-  )
-  FetchContent_MakeAvailable(googletest)
-endif()
-
 # put fast/simple tests files first to run earlier
 set(
   SOURCE_FILES
@@ -58,73 +31,42 @@ set(
   hull_test.cpp
   samples_test.cpp
   boolean_complex_test.cpp
+  $<$<BOOL:${MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION}>:cross_section_test.cpp>
+  $<$<BOOL:${MANIFOLD_CBIND}>:manifoldc_test.cpp>
 )
 
-if(MANIFOLD_CROSS_SECTION)
-  list(APPEND SOURCE_FILES cross_section_test.cpp)
-endif()
+add_executable(manifold_test ${SOURCE_FILES})
+target_link_libraries(
+  manifold_test
+  PRIVATE
+    GTest::gtest_main
+    manifold
+    samples
+    $<$<BOOL:${MANIFOLD_CBIND}>:manifoldc>
+    $<$<BOOL:${MANIFOLD_PAR}>:TBB::tbb>
+)
 
-if(MANIFOLD_CBIND AND NOT EMSCRIPTEN)
-  list(APPEND SOURCE_FILES manifoldc_test.cpp)
+if(EMSCRIPTEN)
+  target_link_options(
+    manifold_test
+    PRIVATE
+      -sASSERTIONS=1
+      -sDEMANGLE_SUPPORT=1
+      --bind
+      --preload-file
+      ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/polygons@/polygons
+  )
 endif()
 
-if(NOT TARGET GTest::gtest_main)
-  add_library(GTest::gtest_main ALIAS gtest_main)
-endif()
+target_compile_options(manifold_test PRIVATE ${MANIFOLD_FLAGS})
+exportbin(manifold_test)
 
-add_executable(manifold_test ${SOURCE_FILES})
-target_link_libraries(manifold_test GTest::gtest_main manifold samples)
+add_test(test_all manifold_test)
 
 if(MANIFOLD_FUZZ)
-  FetchContent_Declare(
-    fuzztest
-    GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/google/fuzztest.git
-    # note that if commit hash is used, it cannot be a shallow clone
-    GIT_TAG 2606e04a43e5a7730e437a849604a61f1cb0ff28
-    GIT_PROGRESS TRUE
-  )
-  FetchContent_MakeAvailable(fuzztest)
   fuzztest_setup_fuzzing_flags()
   add_executable(polygon_fuzz polygon_fuzz.cpp)
   target_link_libraries(polygon_fuzz PUBLIC manifold)
   link_fuzztest(polygon_fuzz)
   gtest_discover_tests(polygon_fuzz)
 endif()
-
-if(MANIFOLD_CBIND AND NOT EMSCRIPTEN)
-  target_link_libraries(manifold_test manifoldc)
-endif()
-
-target_compile_options(manifold_test PRIVATE ${MANIFOLD_FLAGS})
-target_compile_features(manifold_test PUBLIC cxx_std_17)
-
-add_test(test_all manifold_test)
-target_precompile_headers(manifold_test INTERFACE test.h)
-
-if(EMSCRIPTEN)
-  list(
-    APPEND
-    EMSCRIPTEN_LINK_FLAGS
-    -sASSERTIONS=1
-    -sDEMANGLE_SUPPORT=1
-    --bind
-    --preload-file
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/polygons@/polygons
-  )
-  list(JOIN EMSCRIPTEN_LINK_FLAGS " " EMSCRIPTEN_LINK_FLAGS)
-  set_target_properties(
-    manifold_test
-    PROPERTIES LINK_FLAGS ${EMSCRIPTEN_LINK_FLAGS}
-  )
-endif()
-
-if(MSVC)
-  set_target_properties(
-    manifold_test
-    PROPERTIES RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin
-  )
-  set_target_properties(
-    manifold_test
-    PROPERTIES LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin
-  )
-endif()