diff --git a/src/Illuminate/Console/Scheduling/CallbackEvent.php b/src/Illuminate/Console/Scheduling/CallbackEvent.php
index 96b1c1e1bfbd..45d0c2a3d324 100644
--- a/src/Illuminate/Console/Scheduling/CallbackEvent.php
+++ b/src/Illuminate/Console/Scheduling/CallbackEvent.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Illuminate\Console\Scheduling;
 
+use Exception;
 use Illuminate\Contracts\Container\Container;
 use InvalidArgumentException;
 use LogicException;
@@ -76,12 +77,18 @@ public function run(Container $container)
             $response = is_object($this->callback)
                         ? $container->call([$this->callback, '__invoke'], $this->parameters)
                         : $container->call($this->callback, $this->parameters);
+        } catch (Exception $e) {
+            $this->exitCode = 1;
+
+            throw $e;
         } finally {
             $this->removeMutex();
 
             parent::callAfterCallbacks($container);
         }
 
+        $this->exitCode = $response === false ? 1 : 0;
+
         return $response;
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/Console/Scheduling/CallbackEventTest.php b/tests/Console/Scheduling/CallbackEventTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..33c448e1e56c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Console/Scheduling/CallbackEventTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Illuminate\Tests\Console\Scheduling;
+
+use Exception;
+use Illuminate\Console\Scheduling\CallbackEvent;
+use Illuminate\Console\Scheduling\EventMutex;
+use Mockery as m;
+use Orchestra\Testbench\TestCase;
+
+class CallbackEventTest extends TestCase
+{
+    protected function tearDown(): void
+    {
+        m::close();
+    }
+
+    public function testDefaultResultIsSuccess()
+    {
+        $event = new CallbackEvent(m::mock(EventMutex::class), function () {
+        });
+
+        $event->run($this->app);
+
+        $this->assertSame(0, $event->exitCode);
+    }
+
+    public function testFalseResponseIsFailure()
+    {
+        $event = new CallbackEvent(m::mock(EventMutex::class), function () {
+            return false;
+        });
+
+        $event->run($this->app);
+
+        $this->assertSame(1, $event->exitCode);
+    }
+
+    public function testExceptionIsFailure()
+    {
+        $event = new CallbackEvent(m::mock(EventMutex::class), function () {
+            throw new \Exception;
+        });
+
+        try {
+            $event->run($this->app);
+        } catch (Exception $e) {
+        }
+
+        $this->assertSame(1, $event->exitCode);
+    }
+
+    public function testExceptionBubbles()
+    {
+        $event = new CallbackEvent(m::mock(EventMutex::class), function () {
+            throw new Exception;
+        });
+
+        $this->expectException(Exception::class);
+
+        $event->run($this->app);
+    }
+}