BUG: diff method raises ValueError when it's called with np.int64

[asdf8601]

• I have checked that this issue has not already been reported.

• I have confirmed this bug exists on the latest version of pandas.

• I have confirmed this bug exists on the master branch of pandas.

Reproducible Example

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

# w = np.array([2,3])[0]  # normal use 
w = np.int64(2)
pd.Series([1,2,3]).diff(w)     # works
pd.DataFrame([1,2,3]).diff(w)  # fails

Issue Description

When diff method is called with a np.int64 then ValueError is raised as np.int64 is not instance of int (see numpy/numpy#2951 (comment)). Also, this behavior is not consistent between Series and DataFrame.

Expected Behavior

I've expected DataFrame work like Series does.

Installed Versions

INSTALLED VERSIONS
------------------
commit           : 945c9ed766a61c7d2c0a7cbb251b6edebf9cb7d5
python           : 3.8.9.final.0
python-bits      : 64
OS               : Linux
OS-release       : 5.11.0-40-generic
Version          : #44~20.04.2-Ubuntu SMP Tue Oct 26 18:07:44 UTC 2021
machine          : x86_64
processor        :
byteorder        : little
LC_ALL           : None
LANG             : C.UTF-8
LOCALE           : en_US.UTF-8

pandas           : 1.3.4
numpy            : 1.20.3
pytz             : 2021.3
dateutil         : 2.8.2
pip              : 21.0.1
setuptools       : 56.0.0
Cython           : None
pytest           : 6.2.5
hypothesis       : None
sphinx           : None
blosc            : None
feather          : None
xlsxwriter       : None
lxml.etree       : None
html5lib         : None
pymysql          : None
psycopg2         : None
jinja2           : None
IPython          : 7.29.0
pandas_datareader: None
bs4              : None
bottleneck       : 1.3.2
fsspec           : None
fastparquet      : None
gcsfs            : None
matplotlib       : 3.5.0
numexpr          : 2.7.3
odfpy            : None
openpyxl         : None
pandas_gbq       : None
pyarrow          : None
pyxlsb           : None
s3fs             : None
scipy            : 1.7.2
sqlalchemy       : None
tables           : None
tabulate         : None
xarray           : None
xlrd             : None
xlwt             : None
numba            : 0.54.1

[jbrockmendel]

Easy fix in DataFrame.diff changing an isinstance(periods, int) to lib.is_integer(periods). PR welcome.

[asdf8601]

Thank you @jbrockmendel, Have you been faster than me ;-)

I could see that the fix will be included in 1.4. So, I'm wondering if you are planning to populate it to other releases apart from 1.4 as bug fix or not. What is the rule?

[jreback]

only regressions are backport ed
and this late in the cycle (eg 1.3.5 will be the last of the series) only very critical ones